F-gas Regulation 2027: heat pump and AC bans
F-gas Regulation and heat pumps: which monoblock and split units are banned from 1 January 2027, what follows to 2035, and what importers must do first.
Renewable energy: EU rules for inverters, storage and heat pumps
Energy products combine electrical safety, connectivity, batteries and energy labels. Each brings its own documents and deadlines, and most need a business in the EU that holds them.
- Low Voltage DirectiveDirective 2014/35/EU
- EMC DirectiveDirective 2014/30/EU
- RoHS DirectiveDirective 2011/65/EU
- WEEE DirectiveDirective 2012/19/EU
- Cyber Resilience ActRegulation (EU) 2024/2847Applies from 11 December 2027
- Batteries RegulationRegulation (EU) 2023/1542
- Energy Labelling RegulationRegulation (EU) 2017/1369
- F-gas RegulationRegulation (EU) 2024/573Applies from 1 January 2027
- Radio Equipment DirectiveDirective 2014/53/EU
- RED cybersecurityDelegated Regulation (EU) 2022/30
Three key facts on renewable energy
2 kWh
Battery passport
From 18 February 2027 industrial batteries over 2 kWh, including stationary storage, need a battery passport.
2027
F-gas ban
From 1 January 2027 self-contained heat pumps up to 50 kW and split air-to-water heat pumps up to 12 kW with F-gases of a GWP of 150 or more may no longer be placed on the market.
WEEE
Also for PV modules
Photovoltaic panels fall under the WEEE Directive, so producers register in the EU countries where they sell.
What applies to your product?
Pick a product to see the EU rules it usually falls under. Yours may differ, so we check each one.
PV and hybrid inverters
A Wi-Fi module makes it radio equipment, with safety and EMC under the Radio Equipment Directive; grid connection codes are separate from CE marking.
All Cyber Resilience Act requirements applyCyber Resilience Act
PV modules
Outside RoHS when installed by professionals for permanent use (Art. 2(4)(i) of Directive 2011/65/EU), but inside WEEE.
Home battery storage
Stationary storage counts as an industrial battery: battery passport over 2 kWh from 18 February 2027.
Battery passport, QR code and replaceable portable batteriesBatteries Regulation
Heat pumps
Energy label and EPREL entry; from 1 January 2027 F-gas bans for self-contained units up to 50 kW and split air-to-water units up to 12 kW.
Self-contained heat pumps up to 50 kW and split air-to-water heat pumps up to 12 kW with F-gases of GWP 150 or more banned, unless safety requirements on site rule this outF-gas Regulation
Energy management gateways
Radio and internet connection: RED cybersecurity rules, later the Cyber Resilience Act.
All Cyber Resilience Act requirements applyCyber Resilience Act
Deadlines ahead
The next dates from the rules on this page.
Reporting of actively exploited vulnerabilities and severe incidents
Cyber Resilience Act
2 October 2026
Self-contained heat pumps up to 50 kW and split air-to-water heat pumps up to 12 kW with F-gases of GWP 150 or more banned, unless safety requirements on site rule this out
F-gas Regulation
Battery passport, QR code and replaceable portable batteries
Batteries Regulation
Due diligence obligations for battery raw materials
Batteries Regulation
All Cyber Resilience Act requirements apply
Cyber Resilience Act
How we help
EU Authorized Representative
We hold your CE documents in the EU and answer market surveillance authorities.
CE marking support
We check LVD, EMC and RED evidence for your inverters, storage systems and heat pumps.
Compliance consulting
We plan the battery passport and other upcoming changes for your product range.
WEEE and battery EPR registration in each EU country: the authorized representative roles are part of our representation services.
See Representation
Renewable energy: frequently asked questions
Is grid code certification part of CE marking?
No. Grid connection codes are a separate requirement for connecting to the grid. CE marking covers product safety, EMC and, where relevant, radio.
Do PV modules fall under RoHS?
Not if they are intended for a system that professionals design, assemble and install for permanent use at a defined location (Art. 2(4)(i) of Directive 2011/65/EU). They still fall under the WEEE Directive.
Do inverters need RED?
Only if they contain a radio module such as Wi-Fi. Then the whole inverter is radio equipment, and the RED also covers its electrical safety and EMC. If it can reach the internet, cybersecurity rules apply: under the RED since 1 August 2025, under the Cyber Resilience Act from 11 December 2027.
Can I still sell monoblock heat pumps with F-gases?
From 1 January 2027 self-contained heat pumps up to 50 kW with F-gases of a GWP of 150 or more may no longer be placed on the EU market. Where safety requirements on site rule out a lower GWP, the limit is 750. Up to 12 kW, F-gases are banned altogether from 1 January 2032, with the same safety exception.
Does the Forced Labour Regulation affect solar products?
It applies to all products. From 14 December 2027 products made with forced labour may not be placed or made available on the EU market or exported (Regulation (EU) 2024/3015).
Insights on this topic
Solar inverter and home battery EU compliance
Solar inverter and home battery EU compliance: which acts apply to which device, which duties are in force, which start later and who must be in the EU.
RED cybersecurity requirements and EN 18031
RED cybersecurity requirements since August 2025: which devices are covered, when a notified body is needed despite EN 18031, and what the CRA changes.
Why companies choose Representa GmbH
Representa secured our EU Authorized Representative appointment within 48 hours, saving our shipment from costly delay.
U.S. electronic device manufacturerEU Authorized Representative They turned the CE Marking process into clear, actionable steps, helping us meet our launch timeline and pass compliance the first time.
Canadian consumer electronics companyCE marking Thanks to Representa, our products became fully GPSR-compliant well before the deadline, ensuring uninterrupted marketplace sales.
Asian consumer and healthcare exporterGPSR Responsible Person Our beauty cosmetics line faced labeling issues, but Representa's quick review and precise updates got us approved without delay.
Global beauty, fashion and cosmetics brandCompliance consulting The onboarding was fast and transparent. Representa made EU compliance simple and gave us confidence to expand across Europe.
Canadian industrial equipment supplier We were unsure how to manage new GPSR rules. Representa guided us step by step, keeping us fully compliant and avoiding delays.
U.S. consumer goods manufacturerGPSR Responsible Person
Which rules apply to your energy products?
Send us your product list and markets. We map the requirements and the role we can take for you.
Get in touch with our team of experts
Tell us what you manufacture and where you want to sell. We identify the requirements for EU and UK market access and come back to you with the next steps.